ARRUS Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities

Causes Of Pastoralists And Farmers’ Conflict In Benue State Nigeria And Integrating Nomadic Education For Managing It

Anthony Agbegbedia — 2025-12-02

Pastoralists and farmers’ conflicts have persisted for too long in Nigeria and particularly in Benue State, and the respective mechanisms adopted for managing it have brought little or no progress in dousing it. The paper thus explored the causes of the conflict in the state as well as the need for integrating nomadic education for managing it. Primary and secondary sources were used for gathering data. The paper adopted the environmental scarcity theory and utilised the survey and descriptive research design. The survey method was used to elicit quantitative data from 480 respondents aged 10years and above from purposively sampled communities across the 3 senatorial regions in the state while Key Informant Interviews and Focus Group Discussion with purposively sampled farmers, pastoralists, community and Fulani leaders were relied upon to generate the qualitative data for the study. Findings revealed that crop damages and activities of young pastoralists are the major causes of this conflict. Other causes include bush burning, unemployment, drought and water scarcity amongst others. Furthermore, respondents were of the view that introduction of nomadic education scheme will help in reducing the conflict. The paper concluded that pastoralists-farmers conflict is destructive and has dare impacts on the state in particular and the country (Nigeria) in general. Nomadic education should be incorporated into the mainstream activities of managing farmers and pastoralists conflict.

The The Application of Public Speaking Training in Enhancing the Quality of Human Resources at PT. Asri Dharma Sejahtera

Bimo Kuncoro Dion Bimantaka — 2025-12-02

This Industrial Internship Report examines the implementation of public speaking training to enhance human resource quality at PT. Asri Dharma Sejahtera, Bojonegoro. The internship was conducted for one month in the Human Resource Development (HRD) division, focusing on improving employees' communication skills and workplace performance. The primary objective of the training was to strengthen public speaking competence, boost self-confidence, and support organizational productivity. Data collection methods included direct observation, interviews with HRD personnel, and document analysis of the training process. The findings indicate that the program significantly improved employees' presentation abilities, body language utilization, and systematic message delivery. Challenges encountered included differences in participants’ backgrounds, limited training materials, varying levels of trainer expertise, and inadequate supporting facilities. Proposed solutions involve refining training content, improving trainer qualifications, and optimizing training facilities to ensure effective learning outcomes. This internship provided practical experience in HRD operations and emphasized the strategic role of communication skills in driving organizational performance. The results are expected to serve as a reference for future training initiatives aimed at sustainable human resource development.

Digital Device Usage and Cyber-aggression: An Analysis of Online Aggressive Behavior Patterns on Digital Platforms in Indonesia

Nurfitriany Fakhri — 2025-12-02

This study examined the relationship between digital device usage and cyber-aggression among Indonesian young adults, focusing on platform-specific patterns and gender differences. Using a descriptive-correlational design, 561 participants aged 18-35 completed the Cyber-aggression Types Questionnaire and Digital Device Usage Questionnaire, measuring seven aggression types and usage across eleven digital platforms. Results revealed flaming (26.9%) and trolling (20.0%) as the most prevalent cyber-aggression forms. A significant positive correlation emerged between overall digital device usage and cyber-aggression. Platform-specific analysis showed particularly strong correlations with video gaming, online gambling, dating apps, cybersex platforms, and anonymous sharing websites, whereas mainstream platforms like social networking sites and instant messaging showed weak or non-significant correlations. Gender differences were substantial: males reported significantly higher frequencies across all cyber-aggression types and more intensive use of gaming, gambling, and anonymous platforms. Females showed higher engagement with social networking and media sharing platforms. These findings highlight how cyber-aggression manifests differently across digital environments and is influenced by both platform characteristics and gender-based usage patterns. The study underscores the importance of moving beyond generalized digital usage measures to consider specific platform affordances and gendered behaviors when addressing online aggression. Implications include developing targeted digital literacy programs, creating platform designs that balance privacy with accountability, and implementing gender-sensitive intervention strategies to effectively reduce cyber-aggression in Indonesia's evolving digital landscape.

Exploring the Employment Status of Urban Street Children in Cumilla City, Bangladesh

Rajib Chnadra Das — 2025-12-10

Employment plays a crucial role in human development, yet street children remain a significant challenge in many developing countries, such as Bangladesh. This study employs both qualitative and quantitative research methods, focusing on a primary survey conducted in specific districts of Bangladesh. The prevalent causes of children becoming street-dwelling are rooted in poverty, illiteracy, disease, and social injustice. The study specifically targets children who sleep on the streets, railway stations, bus stops, parks, religious sites, construction sites, cemeteries, and other large public areas. The main objective of this research is to explore the nature of labor among street children. Vulnerable children, particularly those who reside in public spaces, are the focal point of this study. A purposive sample of 20 children was selected from various areas in Comilla City for the survey. The findings reveal that the quality of life for these children is severely impacted by their lack of access to informal employment opportunities. The results indicate that homeless children endure precarious living conditions due to their involvement in the low-wage informal sector, leading to a cycle of poverty and vulnerability.

The Future of Nigeria’s Economic Development: Implication of Domestic Debt Dynamics

Uwakwe Ikwor — 2025-12-10

The study examined the effect of domestic debt on economic development in Nigeria. Specifically, the study examined the effect of ways and means loan, treasury bills and treasury bond on human development index. The research adopted ex-post facto research design. Secondary data were collected from Debt Management Office, National Bureau of Statistics and Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin spanning from 2000 to 2023. The econometric technique of Dynamic Least Squares, Augmented Dicky Fuller, Unit Root Test, and Johansen Co-integration test were employed in the data analysis. It was found that ways and means loans and treasury bonds have significant positive effect on economic development in Nigeria while treasury bills have a negative but non-significant effect on economic development in Nigeria. By implication, when long-term debt instrument is properly utilized, it brings about positive development. Therefore, the study recommended that the National Assembly must take its oversight responsibilities more seriously and ensure that Ways and Means loans are strictly allocated to productive, growth-enhancing expenditures. This is essential to avoid fueling inflation and triggering macroeconomic instability. Strengthening fiscal discipline through vigilant oversight will help safeguard the economy while promoting sustainable development.

Framing Analysis of Kompas.com’s Coverage of Mobilization in the Social Movement Action of August 28–29, 2025

Amanda Jingga Rambadani — 2025-12-10

This study aims to analyze how Kompas.com frames mobilization within the Social Movement Action of August 28–29, 2025. The study examines media construction through a framing analysis approach using four Kompas.com articles that implicitly address mobilization processes, action dynamics, and the actors involved. The data consist of online news texts selected based on their relevance to the issue of mass mobilization. The analysis identifies the structure of news discourse through the elements of diagnostic framing, prognostic framing, and motivational framing to understand how the media define problems, present solutions, and construct collective motivation in the context of social movements. The results show that mobilization by labor groups and university students is framed as a legitimate response to structural issues, while student mobilization is framed as a potential disruption that needs to be prevented. The structure of the coverage highlights differing emphases on actors deemed responsible, ranging from the government and police apparatus to organizers of protest calls. The main finding of this study indicates that Kompas.com consistently assigns different levels of legitimacy to mobilization based on group identity and underscores the media’s role in shaping public perceptions of social movements.